HISTOPATHOLOGYCAL FEATURES OF JOINT ABSTRUCTION IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS (RA)
INTRODUCTION
According to Gibofsky (2012), Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) affects 1% of the world population. Rheumatoid arthritis is an intractable systemic disorder in which a nonsuppurative proliferative synovitis leads to destruction of the articular cartilage and bone. From a diagnostic standpoint, rheumatoid factors (RF) are the most characteristic autoantibodies in patients with RA. Therefore, RA is probably the best known of the autoimmune rheumatic diseases. Histopathology features of Rheumatoid Arthritis, begins from synovitis through deteriorating cartilage and bone to joint destruction has basically unchanged since the old days. The transition from normal to non-specific inflammatory synovium and subsequently to established Rheumatoid arthritis synovium is the result of a break in human tolerance both systemically and at the level of the synovial tissue (Nielen, Van & Reesink, 2004).
Moreover, the presence of circulatory Anticitrulluniated Protein Antibodies (ACPA) and the Rheumatoid Factor (RP) years prior to the onset of clinical symptoms and early histological changes in the presumed unaffected joints of rheumatoid Arthritis patients indicates that the early stages of this immune tolerance breakdown are sub clinical; however, rheumatoid arthritis can develop to a very critical stage with severe symptoms and signs overtime (Pando et al., 2000).
This work discusses Rheumatoid Arthritis with specific reference to the histopathological features of Rheumatoid Arthritis.
DEFINITION OF TERMS
Histopathology: It refers to the microscopic examination of tissue in order to study the manifestations of diseases. It also refers to the examination of a biopsy or surgical specimen by a pathologist after the specimen has been processed and histological sections has been placed out in glass slides.
Joint: The point where two components of a structure join, but are still able to rotate. It is also any part of the body where two bones join, in most cases allowing that part of the body to be bent or straightened.
Synovitis: Synovitis is the medical term for inflammation of the synovial membrane. This membrane lines joints that possess cavities, known as synovial joints. The condition is usually painful, particularly when the joint is moved. The joint usually swells due to synovial fluid collection (Sutton et al., 2009).
Rheumatoid Arthritis: It is a chronic, frequently progressive disease in which inflammatory changes occur throughout the connective tissues of the body. It is a long-term auto immune disorder that primarily affects joints.
RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a long-term autoimmune disorder that primarily affects joints. It typically results in warm, swollen, and painful joints. Pain and stiffness often worsen following rest. Most commonly, the wrist and hands are involved, with the same joints typically involved on both sides of the body. The disease may also affect other parts of the body. This may result in a low red blood cell count, inflammation around the lungs, and inflammation around the heart. Fever and low energy may also be present. Often, symptoms come on gradually over weeks to months (Majithia & Geraci, 2007).
Fig. 1.1. Diagram showing how rheumatoid arthritis affects the join (Adopted from: US National Institute of health, 2016)
Attached Files
HISTOPATHOLOGYCAL FEATURES OF JOINT ABSTRUCTION IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS (RA).docx
Table of Contents Hide
₦2,000.00
HISTOPATHOLOGYCAL FEATURES OF JOINT ABSTRUCTION IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS (RA)
INTRODUCTION
According to Gibofsky (2012), Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) affects 1% of the world population. Rheumatoid arthritis is an intractable systemic disorder in which a nonsuppurative proliferative synovitis leads to destruction of the articular cartilage and bone. From a diagnostic standpoint, rheumatoid factors (RF) are the most characteristic autoantibodies in patients with RA. Therefore, RA is probably the best known of the autoimmune rheumatic diseases. Histopathology features of Rheumatoid Arthritis, begins from synovitis through deteriorating cartilage and bone to joint destruction has basically unchanged since the old days. The transition from normal to non-specific inflammatory synovium and subsequently to established Rheumatoid arthritis synovium is the result of a break in human tolerance both systemically and at the level of the synovial tissue (Nielen, Van & Reesink, 2004).
Moreover, the presence of circulatory Anticitrulluniated Protein Antibodies (ACPA) and the Rheumatoid Factor (RP) years prior to the onset of clinical symptoms and early histological changes in the presumed unaffected joints of rheumatoid Arthritis patients indicates that the early stages of this immune tolerance breakdown are sub clinical; however, rheumatoid arthritis can develop to a very critical stage with severe symptoms and signs overtime (Pando et al., 2000).
This work discusses Rheumatoid Arthritis with specific reference to the histopathological features of Rheumatoid Arthritis.
DEFINITION OF TERMS
Histopathology: It refers to the microscopic examination of tissue in order to study the manifestations of diseases. It also refers to the examination of a biopsy or surgical specimen by a pathologist after the specimen has been processed and histological sections has been placed out in glass slides.
Joint: The point where two components of a structure join, but are still able to rotate. It is also any part of the body where two bones join, in most cases allowing that part of the body to be bent or straightened.
Synovitis: Synovitis is the medical term for inflammation of the synovial membrane. This membrane lines joints that possess cavities, known as synovial joints. The condition is usually painful, particularly when the joint is moved. The joint usually swells due to synovial fluid collection (Sutton et al., 2009).
Rheumatoid Arthritis: It is a chronic, frequently progressive disease in which inflammatory changes occur throughout the connective tissues of the body. It is a long-term auto immune disorder that primarily affects joints.
RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a long-term autoimmune disorder that primarily affects joints. It typically results in warm, swollen, and painful joints. Pain and stiffness often worsen following rest. Most commonly, the wrist and hands are involved, with the same joints typically involved on both sides of the body. The disease may also affect other parts of the body. This may result in a low red blood cell count, inflammation around the lungs, and inflammation around the heart. Fever and low energy may also be present. Often, symptoms come on gradually over weeks to months (Majithia & Geraci, 2007).
Fig. 1.1. Diagram showing how rheumatoid arthritis affects the join (Adopted from: US National Institute of health, 2016)
Attached Files
Share this:
Related