COMPARISON OF COMPUTED RADIOGRAPHY CR AND DIGITAL RADIOGRAPHY DR IMAGE QUALITY TOWARD LOW CONTRAST AND HIGHER CONTRAST OBJECT
Chapter one
Introduction
1.1 Introduction:-
The medical imaging field has been considerably impacted in recent years by the emergence of digital imaging modalities, including computed radiography (CR) and digital radiography (DR), also known as direct digital radiography (Market,2008).
The term of computed radiography (CR) typically refers to cassette-based technology that uses a scanning reader mechanism to extract information from the exposed cassette، And the term of digital radiography ( DR) sometimes referred to as cassette less, typically refers to technology in which the latent image data are transferred directly from a flat-panel detector to a review monitor without the
need for a reader (Pediatr,20043T 3T ).
Image quality is an important issue in digital techniques, as signal-to-noise ratio can be higher with both CR and DR, however, optimization by quality control and radition portcion have been used in digital modalities to reduce noise and improve image quality while keeping radiation doses within acceptable limits. Therefore, medical imaging professionals in facilities upgrading to CR or DR from screen-film should receive the advanced training necessary to recognize opportunities with digital systems to reduce radiation exposure while reducing image noise and improving overall image quality (Gruber et al,2008).
Digital radiology may represent the greatest technological advancement in medical imaging over the last decade, the use of radiographic films in x ray imaging might become obsolete in a few years, an appropriate analogy that is easy to understand is the replacement of typical film cameras with digital cameras, images can be immediately acquired, deleted, modified, and subsequently and sent to an network of computer.
The problem of study in medical diagnosis the patient exposure to large amount of ionizing radiation from man-made sources and produce image with the different type of noice depending on apply the radition dose so in the medical image the main risk in dagnostic from radition this risk caused from over dose during the dagnosis.
One from the previous study the Zhonghua et al ( 2011) studied the performance of three computed radiography and three direct radiography systems with regard to the image noise and entrance skin dose based on a chest phantom. Images were obtained with kVp of 100, 110, and 120 and mA settings of 1, 2, 4, 8, and 10 ,Significant differences of image noise were found in these digital chest
radiography systems (Pb.0001). Standard deviation was significantly
different when the mAs were changed (Pb.001), but it was independent of the kVp values (P=.08–.85). Up to 44% of radiation dose could be
saved when kVp was reduced from 120 to 100 kVp without compromising image quality in Curtin University, Perth, Australia.
The importance from research finds the best image quality with lowest radiation dose to the patients.
The benefits from digital radiology are enormous, it can make a radiological facility or department filmless, the referring physician can view the requested image on a desktop or a personal computer and often report in just a few minutes after the examination was performed, the images are no longer held in a single location, but can be seen simultaneously by physicians who are kilometers apart, in addition, the patient can have the x ray images on a compact disk to take to another physician or hospital( Elsevier,2004).
1.2 Problem Of Study:
There are many different factor impact in image quality and lose of the degree image clear:
- Noise versus spatial resolution, radiation dose is example.
- Method to reduce radiation may involve trade in image quality (contrast, resolution, artifact, noise).
1.3 Objectives:
1.3.1 General objective
Study of image quality in digital radiography.
1.3.2 Specific objective
- To evaluate and compare the contrast of DR and CR image.
- To evaluate and compare the resolution of DR and CR image.
- To evaluate and compare the (SNR) signal to Noise Ratio in DR and CR image.
1.4 Overview of the Study:
This thesis is concerned with the study of digital radiography image quality, the study falls into five chapters, Chapter one, contain an introduction, it presents the statement of the study problems, objectives of the study, chapter two, contains the background material for the thesis ,Specifically it discusses the DR and CR image , This chapter also includes a summary of previous work performed in this field. Chapter three describes the materials and a method used to compare between DR and CR by evaluate the images, Chapter fours deals with results and discussions.
Chapter five conclusions, recommendations and references.
Attached Files
COMPARISON OF COMPUTED RADIOGRAPHY CR AND DIGITAL RADIOGRAPHY DR IMAGE QUALITY TOWARD LOW CONTRAST AND HIGHER CONTRAST OBJECT.docx
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COMPARISON OF COMPUTED RADIOGRAPHY CR AND DIGITAL RADIOGRAPHY DR IMAGE QUALITY TOWARD LOW CONTRAST AND HIGHER CONTRAST OBJECT
Chapter one
Introduction
1.1 Introduction:-
The medical imaging field has been considerably impacted in recent years by the emergence of digital imaging modalities, including computed radiography (CR) and digital radiography (DR), also known as direct digital radiography (Market,2008).
The term of computed radiography (CR) typically refers to cassette-based technology that uses a scanning reader mechanism to extract information from the exposed cassette، And the term of digital radiography ( DR) sometimes referred to as cassette less, typically refers to technology in which the latent image data are transferred directly from a flat-panel detector to a review monitor without the
need for a reader (Pediatr,20043T 3T ).
Image quality is an important issue in digital techniques, as signal-to-noise ratio can be higher with both CR and DR, however, optimization by quality control and radition portcion have been used in digital modalities to reduce noise and improve image quality while keeping radiation doses within acceptable limits. Therefore, medical imaging professionals in facilities upgrading to CR or DR from screen-film should receive the advanced training necessary to recognize opportunities with digital systems to reduce radiation exposure while reducing image noise and improving overall image quality (Gruber et al,2008).
Digital radiology may represent the greatest technological advancement in medical imaging over the last decade, the use of radiographic films in x ray imaging might become obsolete in a few years, an appropriate analogy that is easy to understand is the replacement of typical film cameras with digital cameras, images can be immediately acquired, deleted, modified, and subsequently and sent to an network of computer.
The problem of study in medical diagnosis the patient exposure to large amount of ionizing radiation from man-made sources and produce image with the different type of noice depending on apply the radition dose so in the medical image the main risk in dagnostic from radition this risk caused from over dose during the dagnosis.
One from the previous study the Zhonghua et al ( 2011) studied the performance of three computed radiography and three direct radiography systems with regard to the image noise and entrance skin dose based on a chest phantom. Images were obtained with kVp of 100, 110, and 120 and mA settings of 1, 2, 4, 8, and 10 ,Significant differences of image noise were found in these digital chest
radiography systems (Pb.0001). Standard deviation was significantly
different when the mAs were changed (Pb.001), but it was independent of the kVp values (P=.08–.85). Up to 44% of radiation dose could be
saved when kVp was reduced from 120 to 100 kVp without compromising image quality in Curtin University, Perth, Australia.
The importance from research finds the best image quality with lowest radiation dose to the patients.
The benefits from digital radiology are enormous, it can make a radiological facility or department filmless, the referring physician can view the requested image on a desktop or a personal computer and often report in just a few minutes after the examination was performed, the images are no longer held in a single location, but can be seen simultaneously by physicians who are kilometers apart, in addition, the patient can have the x ray images on a compact disk to take to another physician or hospital( Elsevier,2004).
1.2 Problem Of Study:
There are many different factor impact in image quality and lose of the degree image clear:
1.3 Objectives:
1.3.1 General objective
Study of image quality in digital radiography.
1.3.2 Specific objective
1.4 Overview of the Study:
This thesis is concerned with the study of digital radiography image quality, the study falls into five chapters, Chapter one, contain an introduction, it presents the statement of the study problems, objectives of the study, chapter two, contains the background material for the thesis ,Specifically it discusses the DR and CR image , This chapter also includes a summary of previous work performed in this field. Chapter three describes the materials and a method used to compare between DR and CR by evaluate the images, Chapter fours deals with results and discussions.
Chapter five conclusions, recommendations and references.
Attached Files
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